Rethinking diversity strategies: an application of paradox and positive organization behavior theories

Published in: Academy of Management Perspectives - May 2022

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Written by 

David A. Waldman and Jennifer L. Sparr 

Summary 

What we found: How can we realize justice for disadvantaged groups and increase diversity, while simultaneously emphasize unity through a common core of purpose and values? We propose an integrative diversity strategy including staffing efforts, training principles and leadership actions. This strategy leverages the value of both diversity and unity to increase engagement and performance of all groups, while decreasing discrimination against all groups.   

Why it matters: Research shows that many diversity initiatives are ineffective. Some even produce negative outcomes, such as reverse-discrimination or perceptions of tokenism. A both/and strategy that combines diversity and unity allows for true progress toward diversity and inclusion.

What next: Organizations can revisit their diversity strategies to make sure that they are both/and strategies, integrating both diversity and unity, to create a truly diverse and inclusive workforce.